Finally, based on real measured data, it can be seen that the results of the proposed algorithm are better than the improved TDOA algorithm. Wireless positioning is an important research direction in the civilian and military fields. There are many wireless positioning algorithms, among which the two-step positioning algorithms are the most concerned.
The traditional two-step positioning methods extract measurement parameters such as angles of arrival (AOA), times of arrival (TOA), and time differences of arrival (TDOA) from the received signal, then solve the equations established based on extracted measurement parameters to obtain the target position. In order to improve the positioning accuracy, a TDOA positioning method based on time delay compensation was proposed in, which improved the performance of two-step positioning to a certain extent. In, considering the synchronization error between transmitter and receiver, a passive location method of the asynchronous receiver based on expectation maximization is proposed. The method significantly improves the positioning performance. In, a two-dimensional direction of arrival (DOA) and polarization estimation algorithm for noncircular signals based on multisignal classification (MUSIC) is proposed. The algorithm is mainly applied to three-dimensional millimeter-wave polarized massive multi-input multioutput (MIMO) systems. In, a novel system architecture including a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) and multiple autonomous vehicles or a massive multi-input multioutput (MIMO) is considered in vehicle location systems. However, the losses of position information and errors cannot be avoided due to the separation of the parameter solution and target localization for two-step localization methods.
Besides, the measurement parameters may not match the corresponding transmitter, and the positioning performance is poor with low SNR. Therefore, it has become an important research topic in the field of wireless positioning to find a method to further improve the positioning accuracy of the target signal source.
In, a direct location algorithm (Least Squares DPD) based on angle and time delay information is proposed, which firstly proved that the direct positioning accuracy is better than the two-step positioning accuracy.
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